An embedded mixed-methods research design will be adopted, using qualitative data to determine user needs and app adoption patterns, and quantitative data to establish the app's demand and measure its impact. To initiate phase one, West China Hospital will enlist its healthcare providers specializing in surgery to determine any underlying demands for mobile-based PAE management tools. A self-designed survey, based on the knowledge, attitude, and practice model, will be used in tandem with expert interviews. During phase two, the development of an integrated PAE management application will take place, accompanied by rigorous testing to evaluate its effectiveness and long-term viability. Over a two-year period, phase 3 will assess the impact on the total number and severity of reported PAEs through Poisson regression and interrupted time-series analysis. User engagement, adherence, process evaluation, and cost-effectiveness will be assessed concurrently using quarterly surveys and interviews.
The West China Hospital of Sichuan University's Institutional Review Board approved this study, having preliminarily approved the study protocol, the associated permission forms, and the questionnaires (reference number 2022-1364). To ensure participant understanding, study materials will be provided, and written consent will be acquired. thyroid autoimmune disease Peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations will serve as the channels for disseminating the study's findings.
After careful consideration of the study protocol, permission forms, and questionnaires (number 2022-1364), the Institutional Review Board of West China Hospital, affiliated with Sichuan University, authorized this research. Participants will receive study details, followed by the acquisition of their written, informed consent. Study results will be promulgated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations to the academic community.
Assessing the proportion of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs), target organ damage (TOD), and the factors associated with it in Freetown, Sierra Leone's adult population.
In this community-based cross-sectional study, a stratified multistage random sampling method was employed to recruit adult participants.
During the period spanning from October 2019 to October 2021, a health screening study took place in the Western Area Urban region of Sierra Leone.
A sum of 2394 adult Sierra Leoneans, all 20 years of age or older, were enrolled.
Participant characteristics, including anthropometric data, fasting lipid profiles, fasting plasma glucose, time of diagnosis (TOD), clinical profiles, and demographic information, were presented. TOD was further linked to an increase in cardiometabolic risks.
In the context of known CMRFs, hypertension's prevalence was 353%, diabetes mellitus's prevalence was 83%, dyslipidaemia's was 211%, obesity 100%, smoking 134%, and alcohol consumption 379%. Furthermore, 161% of the participants exhibited left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) via electrocardiogram (ECG), 142% displayed LVH according to two-dimensional echocardiography, and 114% suffered from chronic kidney disease (CKD). Diabetes and dyslipidemia were both strongly associated with a higher probability of developing ECG-LVH, with odds ratios of 1255 (95% confidence interval 0822-1916) and 1449 (95% confidence interval 0834-2518), respectively. Echo evaluations for Left Ventricular Mass Index showed a correlation with dyslipidemia (odds ratio = 1844, 95% confidence interval 1006–3380) and diabetes mellitus (odds ratio = 1176, 95% confidence interval 759–1823). The odds of chronic kidney disease (CKD) were considerably elevated in the presence of diabetes mellitus (Odds Ratio=1212, 95% Confidence Interval=0.741 to 1.983) and hypertension (Odds Ratio=1163, 95% Confidence Interval=0.887 to 1.525). A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis suggested that a low optimal cut-off point for ECG-LVH (245mm for males and 275mm for females) was required to optimize sensitivity and specificity, due to the low probability of LVH detection by ECG.
In a resource-scarce setting, this study presents fresh data-driven insights into the CMRF burden and its connection to preclinical TOD. selleck chemicals The data demonstrates that interventions are needed to elevate cardiometabolic health screening and management practices in Sierra Leone.
This study offers novel data-driven understanding of CMRF's burden and its connection to preclinical TOD in a resource-constrained setting. This illustration illustrates a critical need for improvements in cardiometabolic health screening and management, specifically in Sierra Leonean communities.
The ubiquitous sharing of idealized images online might lead individuals to strive for body modification to a degree that is sometimes extreme, compulsive, and harmful to other facets of their lives. Emerging adults exhibit a diminishing regard for physical appearance, accompanied by a rising inclination toward skin-lightening procedures, often correlating with psychological distress. This mixed-methods research protocol examines the connections between body image perception, skin lightening practices, and mental well-being among Filipino emerging adults, aiming to pinpoint influential factors.
A sequential mixed-methods design, with an explanatory objective, will guide the research process. A cross-sectional study, utilizing an online self-administered questionnaire, will encompass 1258 participants; conversely, a case study design will employ in-depth interviews with 25 individuals. The quantitative data will be subject to analysis using generalised linear models, structural equation modelling, and a Bayesian network approach. Qualitative data analysis will involve an inductive thematic approach. The quantitative and qualitative data will be united by a method of contiguous storytelling.
This protocol, having undergone review by the University of the Philippines Manila Review Ethics Board, has been approved (Reference Number 2022-0407-01). The study's results will be published in peer-reviewed articles and presented at conferences to ensure widespread dissemination.
The University of the Philippines Manila Review Ethics Board has officially approved the presented protocol, identified as 2022-0407-01. Biochemistry Reagents The study's conclusions will be shared with the academic community through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.
Our investigation examined how the family doctor contract service model, incorporating 'basic package+personalised package', influenced hypertension patient outcomes.
An observational study method.
In Southwest China, a community health center hosted the study. Data accumulation occurred consistently from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020, inclusive.
From 2018 to 2020, hypertensive patients aged 65 who utilized the contract family doctor services at a Chengdu community health service center in southwest China were chosen for this study.
The initial metrics evaluated mean blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and the rate of blood pressure stabilization. Secondary measurements concerned the degree of cardiovascular disease risk and patients' proficiency in self-care. Evaluations of outcomes were performed at both the initial stage and six months after participants signed up. The primary statistical approaches utilized were the independent samples t-test, the paired samples t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient.
Data analysis was performed with the test, McNemar's test, two independent sample Mann-Whitney U tests, and paired sample marginal homogeneity tests.
A total of 968 (88%) of the 10,970 patients screened for eligibility were allocated to either an observation group (receiving the 'basic package' complemented by a personalized hypertension package; n=403) or a control group (receiving only the 'basic package'; n=565), determined by the service package received. Compared to the control group, the observation group exhibited lower mean systolic blood pressure (p=0.0023), a higher blood pressure control rate (p<0.0001), a decreased cardiovascular disease risk level (p<0.0001), and enhanced self-management ability (p<0.0001) six months following enrollment. A comparison of the mean diastolic blood pressure across the two groups revealed no statistically significant variation (p = 0.735).
Elderly hypertension patients benefit from the family doctor's contract service, combining a basic package with a personalized hypertension component, leading to better average blood pressure, enhanced blood pressure control rates, reduced cardiovascular disease risk, and improved self-management capabilities.
The 'basic package' combined with a tailored 'hypertension' package offered by family doctors showcases a successful approach for managing hypertension in the elderly. This results in improved average blood pressure, enhanced blood pressure control, a decrease in cardiovascular risk, and better self-management ability among the elderly patients.
Analyzing how the utilization, traits, and effect of local health counselors affect the decisions to seek treatment among adults residing in Nigerian slums.
The cross-sectional survey design included a questionnaire that had undergone preliminary testing.
Within the urban landscape of Ibadan, Nigeria, two slum communities exist.
A demographic study focused on 480 working-age adults, spanning the age range of 18 to 64.
During their recent health issues, 400 out of 480 respondents (83.7%) had conversations with at least one lay advisor. Lay consultants, a total of 683, were approached, each connection forged through personal networks, such as those of family and friends. No online network members or platforms were cited by any respondent. Nearly all, or nine out of ten, people consulted a lay advisor regarding an illness or health issue, without a goal of receiving particular support. Even so, a considerable amount (680 out of 683, or 97%) of the contacted lay consultants furnished some form of support.